Among perennial ornamental plants in open ground, the leading position is chrysanthemums of various colors and shapes. They are easily recognized by their hairy leaves, straight stems and magnificent flowers. They can enjoy their flowering for two to three months. The planting and care of dahlias for gardeners is interesting and at the same ᴛι̇ɱe very painstaking. We will tell you about all the intricacies of growing various amazing flowers in the field in this article.
General description, varieties and photos of dahlias
Dahlias belong to bulbous plants of the Aster family, native to Mexico. The ancient Aztecs used the roots of flowers for food. Dahlias were brought to Europe at the end of the 18th century, where the grace and great beauty of flowers were appreciated.
There are now more than fifteen thousand varieties of this amazing plant. Some may be dwarf and reach only 30 cm in height, others more than 120 cm in height. Dahlias also differ in flower size. Small buds less than 10 cm in diameter, small, medium and large flowers with a diameter of 10 to 25 cm, large flowers over 25 cm in diameter.
All dahlias in the shape of flowers are classified into the following types:
- Capers grow to a height of 70-130 cm and are distinguished by beautifully shaped, regular flowers with a diameter of 7-20 cm, they are very similar to water lilies.
- Decorative dahlias grow to 90-150 cm tall. Terry inflorescences orange, yellow, pink, red, purple with a diameter of 8-25 cm are distinguished by broad-rimmed petals with blunt ends. Peonies have tubular petals in the center and several rows of flat petals. The height of the bush is from 75 to 120 cm, the diameter of the burgundy, crimson inflorescences is 12-15 cm. 4. Varieties Vortonichkovye is a shrub 75-120 cm tall. Their inflorescences are distinguished by an interesting color. They may have red, yellow, or magenta flat outer petals and slightly curved cream or yellow inner petals. Amorphous Dahlias is a plant with red, yellow-purple, copper-colored flowers, up to 10 cm in diameter. Their inflorescences consist of a large, long tubular center and several petals at the edges. The height of the bush reaches 60-90 cm.
Features of growing Dahlias flowers on open groundLate May or early June When the soil warms up, dahlias can be planted in open ground. Plants do not require much to arrive. They will grow even in the shade, but the color and size of the inflorescence may be affected. To get beautiful buds, you should plant chrysanthemums in a light shade where they will bloom for a long ᴛι̇ɱe.
When choosing a site, it is necessary to take into account the soil moisture, since the tubers of the plant are prone to rotting. Soil for dahlias should be well drained. Do not plant them in lowlands.
ReadyThe plant grows well on fertile soil, black soil, sandy soil and loam soil… Tubers for planting must begin preparing in April:
1,
Remove dry roots.
- Remove and treat damaged areas with vibrant green color.Plant in a box or other container with peat or nutrient soil, and store for two weeks at an air temperature of + 18 ° C. Start planting so that the tubers are raised 2-3 cm above the ground.After the buds appear, each tuber is divided into parts with a knife. Each section must have a bud with a root collar. One tuber can produce up to five such organs.Delenki sprouts for some ᴛι̇ɱe in the container. Before landing in the open ground from the family side shoots 10 cm high are removed.
TillageThe soil for planting dahlias is prepared in the fall. The site is trained and zoning fused and humus. Before planting in spring, some mature (non-deciduous) wood ash and compost are scattered over the ground. All things are listed by scratch.
The size of the error should be such that there is enough room in it and there is still room for analysis. At the bottom of each hole pour a little rotten ɱaпure or humus and trouble up. In this case, the tree will not burn. The part of the bulbs has been buried so that the remains are a few cenᴛι̇ɱeters above the ground. Seedlings get plenty of water, the surrounding soil is covered with a layer of humus. Bending with compost or more silt is used as mulch mulch or bark.
Besides the tall banyan trees, you must immediately attach the stand. It is not recommended to plant chrysanthemums in the same place every year. They will get sick and may have a chemical flare-up. The land will be laid to rest for a period of three years.
Medicinal care
During the season change, if it doesn’t rain, reap the crops 1 to 2 ᴛι̇ɱes a week. After watering, especially in extreme heat, the bush will sprout. This helps retain moisture in the soil. Next ᴛι̇ɱe delay, till the soil from the root, plow, harrow the tree again. Will not allow the soil to dry quickly and mulch. In addition, humus protects the soil from slugs and will facilitate weeding and tilling work.
Dahlia feedingTo get beautiful and long-lasting flowers when growing daisies, we need to be fed every two weeks. Distinguished partition alternates with useful base. Immediately after the first appearance, potash and super-neighborhood fertilizers appear below each bush.
Store tubers in winter
In late September – early October, after the selection of branches and the onset of severe frosts, the medicinal substance must be trained. You should do this in dry weather to give them ᴛι̇ɱe to air dry. In a few days, the stem is cut from the bush, covered with lamp leaves. Into the bare trunk moisture can penetrate and they will begin to be unruly.
Races are trained with a distance of 30 cm on the sides. The plant is grafted onto the long lower part and brought to the outside. Tubers and mammoth emerge from the ground, wash them with a hose and then lay them out to dry.
Proper storage and care in winter is very important when growing medicinal herbs. Poorly dried plants can rot, and when they are too dry, they will give plants in the spring. It is necessary to ensure that the medicinal plant material is ɱaпaged in a well-ventilated room with 60% air humidity and a temperature between 3-5°C.
Before placing the tubers in storage, the mechanical damage of the tubers must be removed and sprinkled over the bark… The planting material is placed in a container with dry sand, peat or coniferous humus. If it’s starting to wilt or dry out, it’s slightly damp. In a room without natural ventilation, you must turn on the fan three ᴛι̇ɱes a week for thirty minutes.
Pests and diseasesPests, caterpillars, spider mites, zebras and pythons are the most dangerous plant pests. When they first appear, once every seven days in the evening, the shrubs are recommended to be treated with a decoction of celandine or wormwood. For the title, you can use a soapy solution. If there are ɱaпy pests, an antiseptic treatment is necessary.
The buds are not attractive, usually appear in the rainy season. To prevent, the soil around the plant is troubled by a special mosquito repellent. If there are ɱaпy helminths in the soil, use a rake to dip the chlorophos into it.
Caused by the virus withered and potentially untreatable. In order not to infect other plants, the diseased bush is trained and dispersed with the type.
Methods of drug propagationTree can be used the same in three ways:
division of;cuttings;samePartition of
In mid-March, healthy ones are chosen as the playground. They are cleaned before the parts are damaged and soaked in the potassium perɱaпganate solution for 15 minutes. Quality built in barrels with moist soil. In this case, the original neck must remain open. After the eyes reach 1.5 cm in size, the tubers are pulled out of the ground and cut into pieces… Each part has an eye and the root neck is planted in a separate pot. The observation position of the root neck is not deepened.
cuttings
Pruning is the easiest and most effective way to propagate and grow chrysanthemums. It is held in late March – early April. Tubers for grafting are standardized in the same way that they are propagated by division. Caring for them includes the dry season for the soil. As soon as the cuttings have grown 5-10 cm, they should be cut off the lower leaves and placed in water or a mixture of mud and sand to create roots.
Cuttings on bare ground branches landing in late May – early June… The bugs for them should be slightly larger than a lump of earth in a pot. Anti-falling tree before planting. The cuttings are placed into the already constructed pit. The space between the local and the fault is filled with soil. It is recommended to water the house after planting after a few days.
ClonesThe seed propagates the annual interlocking dahlia and the plant for ornamental borders and borders. Dahlias planted in May with seeds will bloom only in early August. In order for the plant to flower in mid-summer, seeds are sown in a greenhouse in April. Sand is used as soil for sowing seeds.
Seeds are sown moistened and covered with a film… They are packed at an air temperature of 25C. When true leaves appear, the shadow is placed in a separate container with humus soil. Young plants are planted on open ground in mid-May.
Clipping dahlias outdoors is not a difficult task. With proper planting and simple care by all the professionals, from mid-summer to frost, beautiful clusters of flowers surrounded by emerald greens will bloom in the garden.
Medicinal flowers and how to take care of them
